KADAR TOTAL ALKALOID, FENOLAT, DAN FLAVONOID DARI EKSTRAK ETIL ASETAT HERBA SURUHAN (Peperomia pellucida [L] Kunth)
Abstract
The study aimed to determine the total alkaloid, phenolic, and flavonoid content of ethyl acetate extract of Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth herbs, especially the herb was obtained from oil palm plantations in Baras, Nort Mamuju District, West Sulawesi Province. The sample was macerated using n-hexane then was followed with ethyl acetate. Determination of total phenolic content was performed using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, and its absorbance was measured at 750 nm wavelength with gallic acid as a standard. Determination of total flavonoid content was conducted using AlCl3 reagent, and the absorbance was calculated at 415 nm wavelength using quercetin as a standard. Determination of total alkaloid content was calculated against the equal piperine at a wavelength of 435 nm using Dragendorff reagent. Based on the results of determination on ethyl acetate extract of Suruhan herbs was obtained the total phenolic content of 178.768+10.63139 mg/gram, total flavonoid content of 1.397+0.004509 mg/gram, and total alkaloid content of 0.615+0.155885 mg/gram. These results are preliminary data of further studies to the isolation of the targeted compounds and the utilization purposes as a raw material of herbal medicine.References
Ahmad, A., Husain, A., Mujeeb, M., Khan, S. A., Alhadrami, H. A. A., & Bhandari, A. (2015). Quantification of Total Phenol, Flavonoid Content and Pharmacognostical Evaluation Including HPTLC Fingerprinting for The Standardization of Piper nigrum Linn Fruits. Asian Pasific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 5(2), 101–107.
Ahmad, I. (2015). Penentuan Nilai Persentase Eritema dan Pigmentasi dari Ekstrak Herba Suruhan (Peperomi pellucida L.) Secara In Vitro. Jurnal Sains Dan Kesehatan, 1(2), 90–95.
Ahmad, I., Arifuddin, M., & Rijai, L. (2016). The effect of extraction methods of Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine palmifolia L. MERR) against TLC profiles and sunscreen activities. Internationa Journal of PharmTech Research, 9(9), 428–436.
Ahmad, Islamudin, Ardana, M., Sulistyarini, R., Cahyo, W., & Arifuddin, M. (2017). Phytochemical , TLC Profile , and Antioxidant Activity of Malinau Endemic Plant of Tabar Kedayan ( Aristolochia papilifolia Ding Hou ) Root Fractions. International Journal of ChemTech Research, 10(2), 84–90.
Ameyaw, Y., & Duker-eshun, G. (2009). The alkaloid contents of the ethno-plant organs of three antimalarial medicinal plant species in the Eastern region of Ghana. International Jouranl of Cemical Scienceh, 7(1), 48–58.
Andersen, O. M., & Markham, K. R. (2006). Flavonoids: Chemistry, Biochemistry and Applications (9th Editio). Boca Raton, USA: CRC Press.
Arrigoni-Blank, M. F., Dmitrieva, E. G., Franzotti, E. M., Antoniolli, A. R., Andrade, M. R., & Marchioro, M. (2004). Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity of Peperomia pellucida (L.) HBK (Piperaceae). Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 91, 215–218. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2003.12.030
Baba, S. A., & Malik, S. A. (2015). Determination of total phenolic and flavonoid content, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of a root extract of Arisaema jacquemontii Blume. Journal of Taibah University for Science, 9(4), 449–454. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtusci.2014.11.001
Bobo-García, G., Davidov-Pardo, G., Arroqui, C., Vírseda, P., Marín-Arroyo, M., & Navarro, M. (2014). Intra-laboratory validation of microplate methods for total phenolic content and antioxidant activity on polyphenolic extracts, and comparison with conventional spectrophotometric methods. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 95(1), 204–209. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.6706
Do, Q. D., Angkawijaya, A. E., Tran-Nguyen, P. L., Huynh, L. H., Soetaredjo, F. E., Ismadji, S., & Ju, Y. H. (2014). Effect of extraction solvent on total phenol content, total flavonoid content, and antioxidant activity of Limnophila aromatica. Journal of Food and Drug Analysis, 22(3), 296–302. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfda.2013.11.001
Ghosh, M., Sinha, B. N., Seijas, J. A., Vázquez-Tato, M. P., & Feás, X. (2014). Flavonoids and Phenolic Compounds from <em>Litsea polyantha</em> Juss. bark. Proceedings of The 18th International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry, b016. https://doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-18-b016
Gutierrez, Y. V., Yamaguchi, L. F., de Moraes, M. M., Jeffrey, C. S., & Kato, M. J. (2016). Natural products from Peperomia: occurrence, biogenesis and bioactivity. Phytochemistry Reviews, 15(6), 1009–1033. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11101-016-9461-5
Hamzah, R. U., Odetola, A. A., Erukainure, O. L., & Oyagbemi, A. A. (2012). Peperomia pellucida in diets modulates hyperglyceamia, oxidative stress and dyslipidemia in diabetic rats. Journal of Acute Disease, 1(2), 135–140. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2221-6189(13)60031-1
Heyne, K. (2007). The Useful Indonesian Plants (Edisi 3). Jakarta: Research and Development Agency, Ministry of Forestry, Indonesia: Jakarta, Indonesia.
Majumder, P., Abraham, P., & Satya, V. (2011). Ethno-medicinal, phytochemical and pharmacological review of an amazing medicinal herb Peperomia pellucida (L.) HBK. Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences, 2(4), 358–364.
Mamora, E. Y. (2014). Uji Penghambatan Aktivitas Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) oleh Fraksi-Fraksi Ekstrak herba Suruhan (Peperomia pellucida L. HBK). Universitas Indonesia.
Marinova, D., Ribarova, F., & Atanassova, M. (2005). Total phenolics and total flavonoids in bulgarian fruits and vegetables. Journal of the University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, 40(3), 255–260.
Nwokocha, R. C., & Owu, U. D. (2012). Possible Mechanism Action of The Hypotensice Effect of Peperomia pellucida and Interactions Between Human Cytochrome P450 Enzyme. Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, 1(4), 1–5.
Phang, C. W., Malek, S. N. A., & Ibrahim, H. (2013). Antioxidant potential, cytotoxic activity and total phenolic content of Alpinia pahangensis rhizomes. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 13(243), 1–9.
Purba, R., & Nugroho, D. S. (2007). Analisis Fitokimia dan Uji Bioaktivitas Daun Kaca (Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth). Jurnal Kimia Mulawarman.
Sanchez-Rangel, J. C., Benavides, J., Heredia, J. B., Cisneros-Zevallos, L., & Jacobo-Velasquez, D. A. (2013). The Folin-Ciocalteu assay revisited: improvement of its specificity for total phenolic content determination Juan. Analytical Methods, (21), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1039/b000000x
Saputri, F. C., Mun’im, A., Lukmanto, D., Aisyah, S. N., & Rinandy, J. S. (2015). Inhibiton of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) Activity by Some Indonesia Edible Plants. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 6(3), 1054–1059. https://doi.org/10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.6(3).1054-59
Sari, A. K., Alfian, R., Musiam, S., Prasdianto, & Renny. (2018). Penetapan Kadar Fenolik dan Flavonoid Total Ekstrak Metanol Kayu Kuning (Arcangelisia flava Merr) dengan Metode Spektrofotometri UV-Visibel. Jurnal Insan Farmasi Indonesia, 1(2), 210–217.
Sreevidya, N., & Mehrotra, S. (2003). Spectrophotometric Method for Estimation of Alkaloids Precipitable with Dragendorff’s Reagent in Plant Materials. Journal of AOAC International, 86(6), 1124–1127.
Sundang, M., Nasir, S., Sipaut, C., & Othman, H. (2012). Antioxidant activity, phenolic, flavonoid, and tannin content of Piper betle and Leucosyke capitella. Malaysian Journal of Fundamental & Applied Sciences, 8(1), 1–6.
Tarigan, I. M., Bahri, S., & Saragih, A. (2012). Aktivitas Antihiperurisemia Ekstrak Etanol Herba Suruhan (Peperomia pellucida (L .) Kunth) Pada Mencit Jantan Antihyperuricemic Activity of Ethanol Extract of Suruhan Herb (Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth) in Male Mice. Journal of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, 1(1), 37–43.
Verma, R. S., Padalia, R. C., Goswani, P., & Chauhan, A. (2014). Essential oil composition of Peperomia pellucida (L.) from India. The Journal of Essential Oil Research, 26(1), 29–33. https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.2013.822431
Yubin, J. I., Miao, Y., Bing, W., & Yao, Z. (2014). The extraction , separation and purification of alkaloids in the natural medicine. Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 6(1), 338–345.
Copyright (c) 2019 JURNAL ILMIAH IBNU SINA (JIIS)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.